Oxidative Stress and Diabetic Complications

Oxidative stress and diabetic complications.

Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the development of diabetes complications, both microvascular and cardiovascular. The metabolic abnormalities of diabetes cause mitochondrial superoxide overproduction in endothelial cells of both large and small vessels, as well as in the myocardium. This increased superoxide production causes the activation of 5 major pathways involved in the pathogene...

Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Diabetic Complications

1 Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, IA 52246, USA 2Centre for Translational Cancer Research, IBT, Texas A&M HSC, Houston, TX 77030, USA 3Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh 500037, India 4Centre for Genetic Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Central Universi...

Oxidative Stress and Novel Antioxidant Approaches to Reduce Diabetic Complications

Oxidative stress: A cause and therapeutic target of diabetic complications

Oxidative stress is defined as excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the presence of diminished anti-oxidant substances. Increased oxidative stress could be one of the common pathogenic factors of diabetic complications. However, the mechanisms by which hyperglycemia increases oxidative stress are not fully understood. In this review, we focus on the impact of mitochondrial d...

Oxidative Stress and Diabetic Retinopathy

Oxygen metabolism is essential for sustaining aerobic life, and normal cellular homeostasis works on a fine balance between the formation and elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress, a cytopathic consequence of excessive production of ROS and the suppression of ROS removal by antioxidant defense system, is implicated in the development of many diseases, including Alzheime...